Vacancy for Civil Engineers

REHOBOTH CONSTRUCTIONS

JOB OPENING  FOR THE BELOW DESIGNATIONS

3D DESIGNER 
2 nos(2-4 years experience)
Candidates must be from kanniya kumari dist.
Salary - 7000  to 13000

Qualification - Candidate might be obtained Diploma or  BE in civil Engineering.

Software exposure needed :  Autocad ,3dmax,revit,vray.

INTERVIEW DATE - 07-10-2017

INTERVIEW TIME - 2 PM TO 5 PM

INTERVIEW VENUE
REHOBOTH CONSTRUCTIONS
2nd Floor, Dev Building,
Opposite to Hotel Jalal,
Karungal.

CARRY DETAILED CV & ALL CERTIFICATES,ID PROOF ORIGINALS

FOR MORE INFO CONTACT -9159698822

Vacancy for Site Engineers in Maharashtra

VishnuPriya Constructions is looking for a site engineer who can handle the work place. The site is in maharashtra. Need an experienced engineer in irrigation streem.  Contact +918019999715/751
No of Vacancy: 01
Experience : above 4 years

Rat Trap Bond & its Advantages

Rat Trap Bond

             Rat trap bond is a brick masonry method of wall construction, in which bricks are placed in vertical position instead of conventional horizontal position and thus creating a cavity (hollow space) within the wall.

ADVANTAGES:

1.Requires approximately 25%  less bricks and 40% less mortar than traditional masonry

2.Reduced material requirement results in considerable cost saving

3.Strength of wall is not compromised, it remains same as traditional masonry wall.

4.Cavity induced in wall provides better thermal insulation, resulting in cooler interiors during summer and warmer interiors during winter.

5.All vertical and horizontal reinforced bands, lintels (for standard size openings), electrical conduits are hidden inside wall, resulting in better aesthetic appearance without plastering (exposed brickwork).

What is MAXIMUM BEARING CAPACITY of soil ?

What is MAXIMUM BEARING CAPACITY of soil ?

         The load of any structure is finally transmitted to the soil lying below the foundation of the structure. Hence it is essential to know the strength and behavior of the underlying soil.

BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL:
         The maximum load per unit area which the soil can carry without any settlement or displacement is termed as bearing capacity of the soil. Bearing capacity of soil is determined by the following two methods:

1. Dropping weight method

2. Slowly applying load method.

ULTIMATE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL:

The minimum load on unit area causing failure is called the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil.

SAFE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL:

The maximum intensity of loading that the soil will safely carry without the risk of shear failure is called safe bearing capacity of the soil. It is obtained by dividing the ultimate bearing capacity by a certain factor of safety which is used in the design of foundation. The value of factor of safety varies from 2 to 3 depending upon the nature of the soil.

MAXIMUM SAFE BEARING CAPACITY OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOIL:

1. Soft, wet clay or muddy clay — 5,000 kg/m2

2. Soft clay  — 10,000 kg/m2

3. Fine, loose and dry sand  — 10,000 kg/m2

4. Black cotton soil  — 15,000 kg/m2

5. Moist clay and sand clay Mixture — 15,000 kg/m2

6. Loose gravel — 25,000 kg/m2

7. Medium clay — 25,000 kg/m2

8. Medium, compact and dry sand — 25,000 kg/m2

9. Compact clay — 45,000 kg/m2

10. Compact sand — 45,000 kg/m2

11. Compact gravel — 45,000 kg/m2

12. Soft rocks — 45,000 kg/m2

13. Laminated rock such as sand stone &  Lime stone — 165,000 kg/m2

14. Hard rocks such as granite, diorite, trap–  330,000 kg/m2

HOW TO CALCULATE CEMENT, SAND QUANTITY FOR PLASTERING?

HOW TO CALCULATE CEMENT, SAND QUANTITY FOR PLASTERING?
                   Following points should be remembered while calculating the quantity of cement, sand for plastering work.

1. For wall plastering:
Cement : Sand = 1 : 6

2. For ceiling plastering:
Cement : Sand = 1 : 4

3. Thickness of plaster should be in between 12-15 mm. If an additional coat is required then do not do it at one go.

4. Use good quality of cement & Sand.

5. Use measuring box (not head pan) for site mix.

We will calculate cement and sand for 100sq.m plastering area in 1:6 ratio and thickness of 12 mm.

Cement Mortar Required:

Plastering thickness = 12 mm
= 12/1000 = 0.012m

Volume of cement mortar required = ( Plastering Area x thickness )
= 100 m2 x 0.012m = 1.2 m3

(This is wet volume of cement mortar (after mixing water) but we need dry volume. To get dry volume consider 35% bulking of sand and 20% wastages

= 1.2 m3 x (1+0.2+0.35) (Rather than 35% sand bulkage and 20% wastage you can add 1.54 as constant)
= 1.86 m3

Cement : Sand = 1 : 6

Sum of ratio =( 1 + 6) = 7

∴ Cement required

= 1.86 x 1/7 = 0.265 m3

= 0.265/0.0347 ( 0.0347 m3 = 1 bag  = 50 kg cement)

= 7.66 bags (≈ 8 Bags)

∴ Sand required
= 1.86 x 6/7 = 1.59 m3

Here we have calculated in Sq.m but you can also calculate it in Sq.ft.

What are the Common problems/failures in RC Concrete?

COMMON CONCRETE PROBLEMS AND THEIR PREVENTION:
                 There are many problems we might be facing during and after concreting. To produce high quality concrete we must take some precautions to avoid those common problems during concreting. In this article, we will discuss on common concrete problems and how to prevent them.
A) BLEEDING
B) SEGREGATION
C) LAITANCE:
D) SCALING:
E) PLASTIC SHRINKAGE CRACKS:
F) DUSTING:

A) BLEEDING:
Bleeding refers to as a tendency of water to appear on the top surface of concrete after finishing. Due to bleeding some measure of water (with sand particles and other cementing materials) appears at the surface of the concrete.

Following precautions should be taken to reduce bleeding in concrete.

1. Design the mix appropriately.

2. Include least water content in the mix.

3. Use greater amount of cement content.

4. Use greater amount of fine particles.

5. Utilize a little measure of air entraining admixture.

B) SEGREGATION:
Segregation means separation of coarse aggregates from the concrete surface due to poor compaction. It is generally seen in the plastic stage of concrete. As a result honeycomb, laitance, scaling, porous layer, bond failure etc. can be formed in concrete. Following precautions should be adopted to prevent segregation in concrete.

1. Design the mix appropriately.

2. Never use excessive water content.

3. Take care of handling, placing, and proper compaction of concrete.

4. Do not allow the concrete to be dropped from more heights.

5. Use air entraining admixture.

6. Keep the formwork to be watertight.

C)  LAITANCE:
The appearance of cement-sand particles on the surface of freshly placed concrete is known as laitance. It is mainly occurred due to the bad effect of bleeding and segregation of concrete. The bond between subsequent layers of concrete becomes weaker and as a result, laitance is developed.

Following precautions can be taken to stop the occurrence of laitance in concrete.

1. Clay, dust, silt content etc should be removed before mixing the concrete.

2. Water-cement ratio should be maintained properly.

3. Water should not be sprayed on the concrete surface during finishing work.

4. Use well graded fine aggregates in the mix.

5. Add little amount of water reducing admixture in the concrete mix.

D) SCALING:
               Scaling is the physical deterioration of concrete in which the surface layer of concrete broke down, pitted or flaked away. Due to this effect concrete surface becomes worse. Scaling can be prevented by taking same precautions adopted for laitance.

E) PLASTIC SHRINKAGE CRACKS:
When the evaporation rate of water mixed in the concrete is greater than the bleed water of concrete, plastic shrinkage cracks are developed on the surface of the concrete. Basically, this type of cracks occurs in very hot climate.

F) DUSTING:
Dusting can be prevented by taking following precautions.

1. Maintain a suitable water/cement ratio in the concrete.

2. Utilize dust free aggregates in the mix.

3. Guarantee appropriate hydration of concrete.

4. Avoid early surface finishing of concrete.

WHAT IS CURING ? & VARIOUS METHODS OF CONCRETE CURING?

WHAT IS CURING & VARIOUS METHODS OF CONCRETE CURING?

              Curing is the process of maintaining the moisture and temperature conditions for freshly deployed concrete. This is done for small duration of time to allow the hardening of concrete.

The various  methods involved in the  concrete curing process are as follows:

WATER CURING
a) Sprinkling Method :- Shading concrete work than sprinkling of water on concreted surface. Used for ( Walls , Beams & Columns ). In General, walls, and columns can be cured by sprinkling water.

b) Ponding Method :- the horizontal surfaces including the slab and floors can be cured by stagnating the water.

c) Applying the chemical membrane on concreted surface.

d) Wet covering of surface: It can be cured by using the surface with wet gunny bags or straws.

e) Curing  Compounds: Easy  to  apply  and  inexpensive. Sprayer   needed;   inadequate coverage allows   drying   out;   film can be broken or tracked off before curing is completed; unless   pig-mented, can  allow  concrete  to  get too  hot.

HEAT APPLICATION:
a) Steam curing at ordinary pressure
b) Steam curing at high pressure
c) Curing by Infra-red radiation
d) Electrical curing.

HOW TO IMPROVE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL?

HOW TO IMPROVE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL?

              The following techniques can be used for improving bearing capacity of soil as per the site condition:
-Increasing depth of foundation
-Draining the soil
-Compacting the soil
-Confining the soil
-Replacing the poor soil
-Using grouting material
-Stabilizing the soil with chemicals

1. INCREASING DEPTH OF FOUNDATION

At deeper depths, the over burden pressure on soil is higher; hence the soil is more compacted at deeper depth. As a result it shows higher bearing capacity. This is applicable only for cohesionless soils such as sandy and gravelly soils. This method of improving bearing capacity of soil is not applicable if the subsoil material grows wetter as depth increase. This method has a limited use because with increase in depth, the weight and cost of foundation also increases.

2. DRAINING THE SOIL

With increase in percentage of water content in soil, the bearing capacity decreases. In case of sandy soil, the bearing capacity may reduce as much as 50% due to presence of water content. Cohesionless soils (i.e. sandy & gravelly soils) can be drained by laying the porous pipes to a gentle slope, over a bed of sand and filling the trenches above the pipes with loose boulders. These trenches subsequently should lead to the nearest well or any water body.

3. COMPACTING THE SOIL

If we compact soil using appropriate method, then there will be increase in its density and shear strength. As a result the bearing capacity of soil also increases. There are many methods of compacting soils on site. Few of them are mentioned below.:

--By spreading broken stones, gravel or sand and thereafter ramming well in the bed of trenches.
--Using an appropriate roller as per the soil type to move at a specified speed.
--Br driving concrete piles or wood piles and withdrawing piles and subsequently filling the holes with sand or concrete.

4. CONFINING THE SOIL

In this method, the soils are enclosed with the help of sheet piles. This confined soil is further compacted to get more strength. This method is applicable for shallow foundations.

5. REPLACING THE POOR SOIL

In this method the poor soil is first removed and then the gap is filled up by superior material such as sand, stone, gravel or any other hard material. In order to do this, first excavate a foundation trench of about 1.5 m deep, and then fill the hard material is stages of 30 cm. Then compact the hard material at every stage. This method is useful for foundations in black cotton soils.

6. USING GROUTING MATERIAL

This method is applicable for soils where there is presence of pores, fissures or cracks etc underneath the foundation. In this method, poor soil bearing strata is hardened by injecting the cement grout under pressure, because it scales off any cracks or pores or fissures etc. For proper distribution of the cement grout, the ground is bored and perforated pipes are introduced to force the grout.

7. STABILIZING THE SOIL WITH CHEMICALS

This method of improving bearing capacity of soil is costly and applied in exceptional cases. In this method, chemical solutions, like silicates of soda and calcium chloride is injected with pressure into the soil. These chemical along with the soil particles form a gel like structure and develop a compact mass.This is called chemical stabilization of soil and used to give additional strength to soft soils at deeper depths.

Note:
*Pumping out of water from the soil also another technique of increasing the bearing capacity of soil.

WHAT IS THE MEANING OF SOIL REINFORCEMENT? (JOB INTERVIEW QUESTION)

WHAT IS THE MEANING OF SOIL REINFORCEMENT?
Reinforcement of Soil can generally be subdivided into 2 categories:
A) -Reinforced Soils
B) -In-situ Reinforcement. Also termed as “soil nailing”.

Soil Reinforcement may be made with a number of materials:
1. Woven Geotextiles
2. Polymer Geogrids of Polyethylene (usually uniaxial) & polypropylene (usually biaxial)
3. Polyester and Fiberglass Geogrids (often knitted or stitched at junctions) and usually coated with a polymer such as polyethylene or PVC or with bitumen.
4. Steel Strips (the original “Reinforced EarthTM”)
5. Welded wire mesh.

Soil nailing technique:
Soil nailing is an in-situ reinforcement technique, was originally introduced in France in the 1970s. It can be described as an in-situ reinforcing of soil using an array of nails installed as passive inclusions in a grid. The construction begins with the excavation of a shallow cut (Fig) on the face of which wire mesh is laid followed by applying shotcrete to the face. When the latter is set, soil nails are drilled through the shotcrete and grouted, followed by 9 anchoring them to the wall. The sequence is repeated until the final depth is reached. The nail being rigid, unlike the reinforcing strip in reinforced earth, can resist some bending and shear in addition to axial tension. An innovative step is the use of screw nails which are installed by rotation (like screw piles), giving rise to enhanced friction at the soil-nail interface. (This is akin to increased bond in the case of deformed reinforcement bars.)

Soil nailing cannot replace all other methods of soil retention technically or economically. Notwithstanding the same, it has the following advantages:
1. It is not dependent on heavy equipment
2. It is economical where the geometry of the wall is complex and where space restrictions exist
3. Since nails are of low strength steel, the need for corrosion protection stands reduced
4. Construction can be carried out with little disturbance to the environment in terms of noise and vibration
Not Applicable:
Soil nailing is not practical in:
- Soft, plastic clays
- Organics/Peat
- Fills (rubble, cinder, ash, etc.)

Why we provide steel in concrete? (Interview Question)

Why we provide steel in concrete?

       Reinforced concrete is a material that combines concrete and some form of reinforcement into a composite whole. Whilst steel bars, wires and mesh are by far the most widely used forms of reinforcement, other materials are used in special applications, e.g. carbon-filament reinforcement and steel fibers.
        Concrete has a high compressive strength but a low tensile strength. Steel, on the other hand, has a very high tensile strength (as well as a high compressive strength) but is much more expensive than concrete relative to its load-carrying ability. By combining steel and concrete into a composite material, we are able to make use of both the high tensile strength of steel and the relatively low-cost compressive strength of concrete.
          There are some other advantages to combining steel and concrete in this way which are derived from the characteristics of the materials.(These characteristics are summarised in Picture).
AIM:
        The aim of the reinforced concrete designer is to combine the reinforcement with the concrete in such a manner that sufficient of the relatively expensive reinforcement is incorporated to resist the tensile and shear forces which may occur, whilst utilizing the comparatively inexpensive concrete to resist the compressive forces.
        To achieve this aim, the designer needs to determine not only the amount of reinforcement to be used, but how it is to be distributed and where it is to be positioned. These latter decisions are critical to the successful performance of reinforced concrete and it is imperative that, during construction, reinforcement be positioned exactly as specified by the designer.
It is important, therefore, that both those who supervise the fixing of reinforcement on the jobsite, and those who fix it, have a basic appreciation of the principles of reinforced concrete as well as the principles and practices of fixing reinforcement.
Like reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete is a composite material in which the weakness of concrete in tension is compensated by the tensile strength of steel – in this case, steel wires, strands, or bars.

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE OVER R.C.C? (INTERVIEW QUESTION)

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE OVER R.C.C?
       Concrete weak in tension and strong in compression. Therefore, Reinforcement concrete system has been created to overcome the weakness of concrete with rapidly development in construction, the concrete technology has to walk parallel with this development. Therefore, the Prestressed concrete was created to overcome the limit of reinforcement concrete span.
Prestressed concrete is a concrete construction material which is placed under compression prior to it supporting any applied loads or defined as Structural concrete in which internal stresses have been introduced to reduce potential tensile stresses in the concrete resulting from loads.

The prestressing of concrete has several advantages as compared to traditional reinforced concrete without prestressing. A fully prestressed concrete member is usually subjected to compression during service life.
This rectifies several deficiencies of concrete.

Serviceability and Strength:
1-Reduces occurrence of cracks .
2-Freezing & thawing durability is higher than non prestressed concrete
3-Section remains uncracked under service loads
4-Reduction of steel corrosion
5-Increase in durability.
6-Full section is utilized
7-Higher moment of inertia (higher stiffness)
Less deformations (improved serviceability).
8-Increase in shear capacity.
9-Improved performance (resilience) under dynamic and fatigue loading.
10-In areas where there are expansive clays or soils with low bearing capacity, post-tensioned slabs-on-ground and mat foundations reduce problems with cracking and differential settlement.
11-Reduces self weight of building thereby reducing the lateral load resisting system.
12-Suitable for use in pressure vessels, liquid retaining structures.

APPLICATIONS:
1-High span-to-depth ratios
2-They do not crack under working loads, and whatever cracks may be developed under overloads will be closed as soon as the load is removed, owing to the cambering effect of pre-stress.
3-This becomes an important consideration for such structures as long cantilevers. Under live loads the def section is also smaller because of the effectiveness of the entire un-cracked concrete section.
4-Larger spans possible with prestressing (bridges, buildings with large column-free spaces)
5-Post-tensioning allows bridges to be built to very demanding geometry requirements, including complex  curves, and significant grade changes.
6-Another advantage of post-tensioning is that beams and slabs can be continuous, i.e. a single beam can run continuously from one end of the building to the other.
7-Crack control helps in constructing high performance water tanks
8-More aesthetic appeal due to slender sections
9-Applications of various prestressed techniques enable quick assembly of standard units such as bridge members,building frames, bridge decks providing cost-time savings

1-Rapid construction
2-Better quality control
3-Reduced maintenance
4-Suitable for repetitive construction
5-Multiple use of formwork
6-There is also a definite savings stirrups, since shear in post-tensioned concrete is reduced in the inclination of the tendons, and the diagonal tension is further minimized bathe presence of pre-stress.
7-A lower building height can also translate to considerable savings in mechanical systems and façade costs.
8-Thinner slabs mean less concrete is required. It means a lower overall building height for the same floor-to-floor height.
9-Pre-tensioning is suitable for precast members produced in bulk.
10-The high tensile strength & precision of placement gives maximum efficiency in size & weight of structural members.

WHAT ARE THE Reasons OF BUILDING COLLAPSE? (JOB INTERVIEW QUESTION)

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF BUILDING COLLAPSE?  (JOB INTERVIEW QUESTION),

The following factors can be defined as the most common reasons causes building collapse:
1. Overload… Too many people on a balcony or deck is a common reason for collapse of such structures or when the occupancy of areas are changed without an evaluation
2. Lack of maintenance… A lack of maintenance will lead to things like not noticing a problem before it becomes catastrophic
3. Use of inferior materials/chemicals… Such as older (1960s - 1980s) fire retardant treated wood roof assemblies made with cheap ammonium phosphate are prone to collapse after 25 years of service
4. Bad engineering… Structural engineers make mistakes, everyone does, but in small firms a lack of multiple people checking designs can lead to bad calculations and structural failures
5. Under-designed… Don’t confuse this with bad engineering, under-designed means you followed the code correctly and performed good calculations but it still was inadequate for the loads
6. Fire… Fire reduces steel yield strengths, causes concrete to undergo chemical changes that weaken it, causes masonry to spall/crack and will consume wood materials… All of which can result in collapse
7. Bad construction… The most common reason for an attached and self-supported deck to collapse is the contractor only provided nails between the deck ledger and the structure of the house, resulting in the deck pulling away
8. Impact damage… Such as someone driving a car into a house, which can result in partial collapses
9. Storm damage… Winds generally dont result in a collapse as things are lifted away and not falling downwards, but floods can cause buildings/bridges to collapse
10. Soils… Development of a sinkhole (man made or natural) can obviously cause a building/bridge to collapse
11. Seismic… Earthquakes can make just about anything collapse if it is not designed for the magnitude of accelerations occurrences.

Civil Interview Questions

CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY - GENERAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

1. To determine the modulus of rupture, the size of test specimen used is
a) 150 x150 x500 mm
b) 100 x100 x700 mm
c) 150 x150 x700 mm
d) 100 x100 x500 mm
Ans: c
2. The property of fresh concrete, in which the water in the mix tends to rise to the surface
while placing and compacting, is called
a) segregation
b) bleeding
c) bulking
d) creep
Ans: b
3. Select the incorrect statement
a) Lean mixes bleed more as compared to rich ones.
b) Bleeding can be minimized by adding pozzuolana finer aggregate.
c) Bleeding can be increased by addition 'of calcium chloride.
d) none of the above
Ans: d
4. The property of the ingredients to separate from each other while placing the concrete is
called
a) segregation
b) compaction
c) shrinkage
d) bulking
Ans: a
5. Workability of concrete is directly proportional to
a) aggregate cement ratio
b) time of transit
c) grading of the aggregate
d) all of above
Ans: c
6. Workability of concrete is inversely pro¬portional to
a) time of transit
b) water-cement ratio
c) the air in the mix
d) size of aggregate
Ans: a
7. Approximate value of shrinkage strain in concrete, is
a) 0.003
b) 0.0003
c) 0.00003
d) 0.03
Ans: b
8. Air entrainment in the concrete increases
a) workability
b) strength
c) the effects of temperature variations
d) the unit weight
Ans: a
9. The relation between modulus of rupture fcr, splitting strength fcs and direct tensile
strength fcl is given by
a) tcr -rcs = tct
b) fcr>fcs>fc.
C) fcr
d) fc5>fcr>fC.
Ans: b
10. The approximate value of the ratio between direct tensile strength and flexural strength
is
a) 0.33
b) 0.5
c) 0.75
d) 1.0
Ans: b
11. Strength of concrete increases with
a) increase in water-cement ratio
b) increase in fineness of cement
c) decrease in curing time
d) decrease in size of aggregate
Ans: b
12. The relation between modulus of rupturefcr and characteristic strength of concrete fck is
given by
a) fcr=0.35Vf7
b) fcr=0.57f7
c) fcr=0.7Vf7
d) fcr=1.2Vf7
where fcr and fck are in N/mm2'
Ans: c
13. The compressive strength of 100 mm cube as compared to 150 mm cube is always
a) less
b) more
c) equal
d) none of the above
Ans: b
14. According to IS : 456 -1978, the modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec (in N/mm2) can be
taken as
a) Ec = = 5700
b) Ec = = 570
c) Ec = = 5700fck
d) Ec = where fck N/mm2 = 700 is the characteristic strength in
Ans: a
15. Increase in the moisture content in con-crete
a) reduces the strength
b) increases the strength
c) does not change the strength
d) all of the above
Ans: a
16. As compared to ordinary portland cement, use of pozzuolanic cement
a) reduces workability
b) increases bleeding
c) increases shrinkage
d) increases strength
Ans: c
17. Admixtures which cause early setting, and hardening of concrete are called
a) workability admixtures
b) accelerators
c) retarders
d) air entraining agents
Ans: b
18. The most commonly used admixture which prolongs the setting and hardening time is
a) gypsum
b) calcium chloride
c) sodium silicate
d) all of the above
Ans: a
19. The percentage of voids in cement is approximately
a) 25%
b) 40%
c) 60%
d) 80%
Ans: b
20. The strength of concrete after one year as compared to 28 days strength is about
a) 10 to 15% more
b) 15 to 20% more
c) 20 to 25% more
d) 25 to 50% more
Ans: c
21. As compared to ordinary portland cement, high alumina cement has
a) higher initial setting time but lower final setting time
b) lower initial setting time but higher final setting time
c) higher initial and final setting times
d) lower initial and final setting times
Ans: a
22. Modulus of rupture of concrete is a measure of
a) flexural tensile strength
b) direct tensile strength
c) compressive strength
d) split tensile strength
Ans: a
23. In order to obtain the best workability of concrete, the preferred shape of aggregate is
a) rounded
b) elongated
c) angular
d) all of the above
Ans: a
24. The effect of adding calcium chloride in concrete is
i) to increase shrinkage
ii) to decrease shrinkage
iii) to increase setting time
iv) to decrease setting time
The correct answer is
a) (i) and (iii)
b) (i)and(iv)
c) (ii) and (iii)
d) (ii) and (iv)
Ans: b
25. Bulking of sand is maximum if moisture content is about
a) 2 %
b) 4%
c) 6%
d) 10%
Ans: b
26. Finer grinding of cement
a) affects only the early development of strength
b) affects only the ultimate strength
c) both (a) and (b)
d) does not affect the strength
Ans: a
27. Poisson's ratio for concrete
a) remains constant
b) increases with richer mixes
c) decreases with richer mixes
d) none of the above
Ans: b
28. 1% of voids in a concrete mix would reduce its strength by about
a) 5%
b) 10 %
c) 15%
d) 20%
Ans: a
29. The fineness modulus of fine aggregate is in the range of
a) 2.0 to 3.5
b) 3.5 to 5.0
c) 5.0 to 7.0
d) 6.0 to 8.5
Ans: a
30. The factor of safety for
a) steel and concrete are same
b) steel is lower than that for concrete
c) steel is higher than that for concrete
d) none of the above
Ans: b
31. Examine the following statements :
i) Factor of safety for steel should be based on its yield stress,
ii) Factor of safety for steel should be based on its ultimate stress,
iii) Factor of safety for concrete should be based on its yield stress,
iv) Factor of safety for concrete should be based on its ultimate stress.
The correct statements are
a) (i) and (iii)
b) (i)and(iv)
c) (ii) and (iii)
d) (ii) and (iv)
Ans: b
32. For a reinforced concrete section, the shape of shear stress diagram is
a) wholly parabolic
b) wholly rectangular
c) parabolic above neutral axis and rectangular below neutral axis
d) rectangular above neutral axis and parabolic below neutral axis
Ans: c
33. Diagonal tension in a beam
a) is maximum at neutral axis
b) decreases below the neutral axis and increases above the neutral axis
c) increases below the neutral axis and decreases above the neutral axis
d) remains same
Ans: c
34. If a beam fails in bond, then its bond strength can be increased most economi-cally by
a) increasing the depth of beam
b) using thinner bars but more in number
c) using thicker bars but less in number
d) providing vertical stirrups
Ans: b
35. If nominal shear stress tv exceeds the design shear strength of concrete xc, the nominal
shear reinforcement as per IS : 456-1978 shall be provided for carrying a shear stress equal
to
a) xv
b) xc
c) xv - TC
d) Tv + Tc
Ans: c
36. If the depth of actual neutral axis in a beam is more than the depth of critical neutral axis,
then the beam is called
a) balanced beam
b) under-reinforced beam
c) over-reinforced beam
d) none of the above
Ans: c
37. If the depth of neutral axis for a singly reinforced rectangular section is represented by
kd in working stress design, then the value of k for balanced section
a) depends on as, only
b) depends on aCbC only
c) depends on both crst and acbc
d) is independant of both ast and acbc where d is the effective depth, ast is per-missible
stress in steel in tension and ocbc is permissible stress in concrete in bend¬ing compression.
Ans: a
38. If the permissible stress in steel in tension is 140 N/mm2, then the depth of neutral axis for
a singly reinforced rectangular balanced section will be
a) 0.35 d
b) 0.40 d
c) 0.45 d
d) dependent on grade of concrete also
Ans: b
39. Modulus of elasticity of steel as per IS : 456-1978 shall be taken as
a) 20 kN/cm2
b) 200 kN/cm2
c) 200kN/mm2
d) 2xl06N/cm2
Ans: c
40. Minimum grade of concrete to be used in reinforced concrete as per IS:456-1978 is
a) M15
b) M20
c) M 10
d) M25
Ans: a
41. For concreting of heavily reinforced sections without vibration, the workability of concrete
expressed as compacting
factor should be
a) 0.75-0.80
b) 0.80-0.85
c) 0.85 - 0.92
d) above 0.92
Ans: d
42. Maximum quantity of water needed per 50 kg of cement for M 15 grade of concrete is
a) 28 litres
b) 30 litres
c) 32 litres
d) 34 litres
Ans: c
43. In case of hand mixing of concrete, the extra cement to be added is
a) 5%
b) 10%
c) 15%
d) 20%
Ans: b
44. For walls, columns and vertical faces of all structural members, the form work is
generally removed after
a) 24 to 48 hours
b) 3 days
c) 7 days
d) 14 days
Ans: a
45. The individual variation between test strength of sample should not be more than
a) ±5% of average
b) ± 10% of average
c) ± 15% of average
d) ±20% of average
Ans: c
46. One of the criteria for the effecvve width of flange of T-beam is bf =—+ bw +6Df 6
In above formula, l0 signifies
a) effective span of T-beam
b) distance between points of zero mo-ments in the beam
c) distance between points of maximum moments in the beam
d) clear span of the T-beam
Ans: b
47. For a cantilever of effective depth of 0.5m, the maximum span to satisfy vertical
deflection limit is
a) 3.5 m
b) 4 m
c) 4.5 m
d) 5 m
Ans: a
48. For a simply supported beam of span 15m, the minimum effective depth to satisfy the
vertical deflection limits should be
a) 600 mm
b) 750 mm
c) 900 mm
d) more than 1 m
Ans: b
49. For a continuous slab of 3 m x 3.5 m size, the minimum overall depth of slab to satisfy
vertical deflection limits is
a) 50 mm
b) 75 mm
c) 100 mm
d) 120 mm
Ans: b
50. According to IS : 456-1978, the fiexural strength of concrete is
a) directly proportional to compressive strength
b) inversely proportional to compressive strength
c) directly proportional to square root of compressive strength
d) inversely proportional to square root of compressive strength
Ans: c
51. According to IS : 456-1978, the cblumn or the strut is the member whose effective length
is greater than
a) the least lateral dimension
b) 2 times the least lateral dimension
c) 3 times the least lateral dimension
d) 4 times the least lateral dimension
Ans: c
52. According to IS : 456- 1978, minimum slenderness ratio for a short column is
a) less than 12
b) less than 18
c) between 18 and 24
d) more than 24
Ans: a
53. Lap length in compression shall not be less than
a) 15 4>
b) 20 <}>
c) 24 (j)
d) 30 (j)
where (j) is diameter of bar
Ans: c
54. The minimum cover in a slab should neither be less than the diameter of bar nor less
than
a) 10 mm
b) 15 mm
c) 25 mm
d) 13 mm
Ans: b
55. For a longitudinal reinforcing bar in a column, the minimum cover shall neither be less
than the diameter of bar nor less than
a) 15 mm
b) 25 mm
c) 30mm
d) 40 mm
Ans: d
56. The ratio of the diameter of reinforcing bars and the slab thickness is
a) 1/4
b) 1/5
c) 1/6
d) 1/8
Ans: d
57. According to IS: 456-1978, the maximum reinforcement in a column is
a) 2 %
b) 4%
c) 6 %
d) 8 %
Ans: c
58. The percentage of reinforcement in case of slabs, when high strength deformed bars
are used is not less than
a) 0.15
b) 0.12
c) 0.30
d) 1.00
Ans: b
59. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
a) Minimum cross sectional area of longitudinal reinforcement in a column is 0.8%.
b) Spacing of longitudinal bars measured along the periphery of column should not exceed
300 mm.
c) Reinforcing bars in a column should not be less than 12 mm in diameter.
d) The number of longitudinal bars pro-vided in a circular column should not be less than
four.
Ans: d
60. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
a) Higher Vee-Bee time shows lower workability.
b) Higher slump shows higher workability.
c) Higher compacting factor shows higher workability.
d) none of the above
Ans: d
61. Minimum pitch of transverse reinforce¬ment in a column is
a) the least lateral dimension of the member
b) sixteen times the smallest diameter of longitudinal reinforcement bar to be tied
c) forty-eight times the diameter of transverse reinforcement
d) lesser of the above three values
Ans: d
62. Maximum distance between expansion joints in structures as per IS : 456 - 1978 is
a) 20 m
b) 30 m
c) 45 m
d) 60 m
Ans: c
63. A continuous beam is deemed to be a deep beam when the ratio of effective span to
overall depth (1/D) is less than
a) 1.5
b) 2.0
c) 2.5
d) 3.0
Ans: c
64. Critical section for shear in case of flat slabs is at a distance of
a) effective depth of slab from periphery of column/drop panel
b) d/2 from periphery of column/capital/ drop panel
c) at the drop panel of slab
d) at the periphery of column
Ans:b
65. Minimum thickness of load bearing RCC wall should be
a) 50 mm
b) 100 mm
c) 150 mm
d) 200 mm
Ans:b
66. If the storey height is equal to length of RCC wall, the percentage increase in strength is
a) 0
b) 10
c) 20
d) 30
Ans: b
67. In reinforced concrete footing on soil, the minimum thickness at edge should not be less
than
a) 100 mm
b) 150 mm
c) 200 mm
d) 250 mm
Ans:b
68. The slab is designed as one way if the ratio of long span to short span is
a) less than 1
b) between 1 and 1.5
c) between 1.5 and 2
d) greater than 2
Ans: d
69. Ratio of permissible stress in direct compression and bending compression is
a) less than 1
b) between 1 and 1.5
c) between 1.5 and 2.0
d) greater than 2
Ans: a
70. A higher modular ratio shows
a) higher compressive strength of con-crete
b) lower compressive strength of concrete
c) higher tensile strength of steel
d) lower tensile strength of steel
Ans:b
71. The average permissible stress in bond for plain bars in tension is
a) increased by 10% for bars in compression
b) increased by 25% for bars in compression
c) decreased by 10% for bars in compression
d) decreased by 25% for bars in com-pression
Ans:b
74. In working stress design, permissible bond stress in the case of deformed bars is more
than that in plain bars by
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 30%
d) 40%
Ans: d
75. The main reason for providing number of reinforcing bars at a support in a simply
supported beam is to resist in that zone
a) compressive stress
b) shear stress
c) bond stress
d) tensile stress
Ans: c
76. Half of the main steel in a simply supported slab is bent up near the support at a
distance of x from the centre of slab bearing where x is equal to
a) 1/3
b) 1/5
c) 1/7
d) 1/10
where 1 is the span
Ans:c
77. When shear stress exceeds the permissible limit in a slab, then it is reduced by
a) increasing the depth
b) providing shear reinforcement
c) using high strength steel
d) using thinner bars but more in number
Ans: a
78. If the size of panel in a flat slab is 6m x 6m, then as per Indian Standard Code, the widths
of column strip and middle strip are
a) 3.0 m and 1.5 m
b) 1.5 m and 3.0 m
c) 3.0 m and 3.0 m
d) 1.5 m and 1.5 m
Ans:c
79. For a slab supported on its four edges with corners held down and loaded uniformly, the
Marcus correction factor to the moments obtained by Grashoff Rankine's theory
a) is always less than 1
b) is always greater than 1
c) can be more than 1
d) can be less than 1
Ans: a
80. The permissible diagonal tensile stress in reinforced brick work is
a) about 0.1 N/mm2
b) zero
c) 0.3 N/mm2 to 0.7 N/mm2
d) about 1.0 N/mm2
Ans: a
81. The limits of percentage p of the longitudinal reinforce-ment in a column is given by
a) 0.15% to 2%
b) 0.8% to 4%
c) 0.8% to 6%
d) 0.8% to 8%
Ans: c
82. The minimum diameter of longitudinal bars in a column is
a) 6 mm
b) 8 mm
c) 12 mm
d) 16 mm
Ans:c
83. The minimum cover to the ties or spirals should not be less than
a) 15 mm
b) 20 mm
c) 25 mm
d) 50mm
Ans: c
84. The load carrying capacity of a helically reinforced column as compared to that of a tied
column is about
a) 5% less
b) 10% less
c) 5% more
d) 10% more
Ans:c
86. The diameter of ties in a column should be
a) more than or equal to one fourth of diameter of main bar
b) more than or equal to 5 mm
c) more than 5 mm but less than one-fourth of diameter of main bar
d) more than 5 mm and also more than one-fourth of diameter of main bar
Ans: d
87. Due to circumferential action of the spiral in a spirally reinforced column
a) capacity of column is decreased
b) ductility of column reduces
c) capacity of column is decreased but ductility of column increases
d) both the capacity of column and ductility of column increase
Ans: d
88. Maximum percentage reinforcement in case of slabs is limited to
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8
Ans: b
89. Which of the following R.C. retaining walls is suitable for heights beyond 6m?
a) L-shaped wall
b) T-shaped wall
c) counterfort type
d) all of the above
Ans: c
90. For the design of retaining walls, the minimum factor of safety against overturning is
taken as
a) 1.5
b) 2.0
c) 2.5
d) 3.0
Ans: b
91. In counterfort type retaining walls
i) the vertical slab is designed as a continuous slab
ii) the heel slab is designed as a conti¬nuous slab
iii) the vertical slab is designed as a cantilever
iv) the heel slab is designed as a cantilever
The correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (i)and(iv)
c) (ii) and (iii)
d) (iii) and (iv)
Ans:a
92. A T-shaped retaining wall mainly conssits of
a) one cantilever
b) two cantilevers
c) three cantilevers
d) four cantilevers
Ans: c
93. In T-shaped R C. retaining walls, the main reinforcement in the stem is provided on
a) the front face in one direction
b) the front face in both directions
c) the inner face in one direction
d) the inner face in both directions
Ans:c
94. The main reinforcement in the toe of a T- shaped R C. retaining wall is provided on
i) top face parallel to the wall
ii) top face perpendicular to the wall
iii) bottom face paralleUo the wall
iv) bottom face perpendicular to the wall
The correct answer is
a) only (ii) is correct
b) (i) and (ii) are correct
c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
d) only (iv) is correct
Ans: d
95. The temperature reinforcement in the vertical slab of a T-shaped R.C. retaining wall is
a) not needed
b) provided equally on inner and front faces
c) provided more on inner face than on front face
d) provided more on front face than on inner face
Ans: d
96. The main reinforcement in the heel of a T-shaped R.C. retaining wall is provided on
a) top face perpendicular to wall
b) bottom face perpendicular to wall
c) both top and bottom faces perpendi-cular to wall
d) none of the above
Ans: a
97. In a counterfort retaining wall, the main reinforcement is provided on the
i) bottom face in front counterfort
ii) inclined face in front counterfort
iii) bottom face in back counterfort
iv) inclined face in back counterEort
The correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii),
b) (ii) and (iii)
c) (i) and (iv)
d) (iii) and (iv)
Ans: c
98. In counterfort retaining walls, the main reinforcement in the stem at support is
a) not provided
b) provided only on inner face
c) provided only on front face
d) provided both on inner and front faces
Ans: b
99. In the design of a front counterfort in a counterfort retaining wall, the main reinforcement
is provided on
i) bottom face near counterfort
ii) top face near counterfort
iii) bottom face near centre of span
iv) top face near centre of span The correct answer is
a) only (i)
b) only (ii)
c) both (i) and (iv)
d) both (ii) and (iii)
Ans: c
100. In a counterfort retaining wall, the main reinforcement in the stem at mid span is provided
on
a) front face only
b) inner face only
c) both front face and inner face
d) none of the above
Ans: a
101. The depth of footing for an isolated column is governed by
i) maximum bending moment
ii) shear force
iii) punching shear The correct answer is
a) only (i)
b) (i)and(ii)
c) (i) and (iii)
d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Ans: d
102. If the foundations of all the columns of a structure are designed on the total live and
dead load basis, then
a) there will be no settlement of columns
b) there will be no differential settlement
c) the settlement of exterior columns will be more than interior columns
d) the settlement of interior columns will be more than exterior columns
Ans:c
103. To minimise the effect of differential settlement, the area of a footing should be designed
for
a) dead load only
b) dead load + live load
c) dead load + fraction of live load
d) live load + fraction of dead load
Ans: c
104. The critical section for finding maximum bending moment for footing under masonry wall
is located
a) at the middle of the wall
b) at the edge of the wall
c) halfway between the middle and edge of the wall
d) at a distance equal to effective depth of footing from the edge of the wall
Ans: c
105. In a pile of length /, the points of suspen¬sion from ends for lifting it are located at
a) 0.207 1
b) 0.25 /
c) 0.293 /
d) 0.333 /
Ans: a
106. During erection, the pile of length / is supported by a crane at a distance of
a) 0.207 /
b) 0.293 /
c) 0.7071
d) 0.793 /
from the driving end of pile which rests on the ground
Ans: c
107. While designing the pile as a column, the end conditions are nearly
a) both ends hinged
b) both ends fixed
c) one end fixed and other end hinged
d) one end fixed and other end free
Ans: c
108. The recommended value of modular ratio for reinforced brick work is
a) 18
b) 30
c) 40
d) 58
Ans: c
109. According to ISI recommendations, the maximum depth of stress block for balanced
section of a beam of effective depth d is
a) 0.43 d
b) 0.55 d
c) 0.68 d
d) 0.85 d
Ans: a
110. Assertion A : The load factor for live load is greater than that for dead load.
Reason R : The live loads are more uncertain than dead loads.
Select your answer based on the coding system given below :
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: a
111. The centroid of compressive force, from the extreme compression fibre, in limit state
design lies at a distance of
a) 0.367 xu
b) 0.416 xu
c) 0.446 xu
d) 0.573 xu
where xu is the depth of neutral axis at the limit state of collapse
Ans: b
112. The design yield stress of steel according to IS: 456-1978 is
a) 0.37 fy
b) 0.57 fy
c) 0.67 fy
d) 0.87 fy
where fy is the characteristic yield strength of steel
Ans: d
113. According to Whitney's theory, ultimate strain of concrete is assumed to be
a) 0.03%
b) 0.1%
c) 0.3%
d) 3%
Ans: c
114. According to Whitney's theory, depth of stress block for a balanced section of a concrete
beam is limited to
a) 0.43 d
b) 0.537 d
c) 0.68 d
d) 0.85 d
where d is effective depth of beam[ES 2k]
Ans: b
115. The load factors for live load and dead load are taken respectively as
a) 1.5 and 2.2
b) 2.2 and 1.5
c) 1.5 and 1.5
d) 2.2 and 2.2
Ans:b
116. As per Whitney's theory, the maximum moment of resistance of the balanced section of a
beam of width b and effective
depth d is given by
a) ^acybd2
b) ^acybd2
c) 0.185acybd2
d) 0.43acybd2
where acy is the cylinder compressive strength of concrete
Ans: b
127. The effect of creep on modular ratio is
a) to decrease it
b) to increase it
c) either to decrease or to increase it
d) to keep it unchanged
Ans: b
128. Shrinkage of concrete depends upon
i) humidity of atmosphere
ii) passage of time
iii) stress The correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (ii) and (iii)
c) only (iii)
d) All (i), (ii) and (iii)
Ans: a
129. Due to shrinkage stresses, a simply supported beam having reinforcement only at
bottom tends to
a) deflect downward
b) deflect upward
c) deflect downward or upward
d) none of the above
Ans: a
130. In symmetrically reinforced sections, shrinkage stresses in concrete and steel are
respectively
a) compressive and tensile
b) tensile and compressive
c) both compressive
d) both tensile
Ans: b
131. A beam curved in plan is designed for
a) bending moment and shear
b) bending moment and torsion
c) shear and torsion
d) bending moment, shear and torsion
Ans: d
132. In a spherical dome subjected to concentrated load at crown or uniformly distributed
load, the meridional force is
always
a) zero
b) tensile
c) compressive
d) tensile or compressive
Ans: c
133. Sinking of an intermediate support of a continuous beam
i) reduces the negative moment at support
ii) increases the negative moment at support
iii) reduces the positive moment at centre of span
iv) increases the positive moment at centre of span The correct answer is
a) (i) and (iii)
b) (i)and(iv)
c) (ii) and (iii)
d) (ii) and (iv)
Ans: b
134. The maximum value of hoop compression in a dome is given by
a) wR / 4d
b) wR/2d
c) wR/d
d) 2wR/d
where, w = load per unit area of surface of dome R = radius of curvature d = thickness of
dome
Ans: b
135. In a spherical dome the hoop stress due to a concentrated load at crown is
a) compressive everywhere
b) tensile everywhere
c) partly compressive and partly tensile
d) zero
Ans:b
136. In a ring beam subjected to uniformly distributed load
i) shear force at mid span is zero
ii) shear force at mid span is maximum
iii) torsion at mid span is zero
iv) torsion at mid span is maximum The correct answer is
a) (i) and (iii)
b) (i)and(iv)
c) (ii) and (iii)
d) (ii) and (iv)
Ans:a
137. In prestressed concrete
a) forces of tension and compression change but lever arm remains unchanged
b) forces of tension and compressions remain unchanged but lever arm changes with the
moment
c) both forces of tension and compres-sion as well as lever arm change
d) both forces of tension and compres-sion as well as lever arm remain unchanged
Ans: b
138. The purpose of reinforcement in prestressed concrete is
a) to provide adequate bond stress
b) to resist tensile stresses
c) to impart initial compressive stress in concrete
d) all of the above
Ans: c
139. Normally prestressing wires are arranged in the
a) upper part of the beam
b) lower part of the beam
c) centre
d) anywhere
Ans: b
140. Most common method of prestressing used for factory production is
a) Long line method
b) Freyssinet system
c) Magnel-Blaton system
d) Lee-Macall system
Ans:a
141. Select the incorrect statement
a) The loss of prestress is more in pre-tensioning system than in post-tensioning system.
b) Pretensioning system has greater certainty about its durability.
c) For heavy loads and large spans in buildings or bridges, post-tensioning system is
cheaper than pretensioning system
d) none of the above
Ans:d
142. Which of the following losses of prestress occurs only in pretensioning and not in posttensioning
?
a) elastic shortening of concrete
b) shrinkage of concrete
c) creep of concrete
d) loss due to friction
Ans: a
143. Prestress loss due to friction occurs
a) only in post-tensioned beams
b) only in pretensioned beams
c) in both post-tensioned and preten-sioned beams
d) none of the above
Ans:a
145. Which of the following has high tensile strength ?
a) plain hot rolled wires
b) cold drawn wires
c) heat treated rolled wires
d) all have same tensile strength
Ans: b
146. High carbon content in the steel causes
a) decrease in tensile strength but increase in ductility
b) increase in tensile strength but decrease in ductility
c) decrease in both tensile strength and ductility
d) increase in both tensile strength and ductility
Ans:b
147. Stress strain curve of high tensile steel
a) has a definite yield point
b) does not show definite yield point but yield point is defined by 0.1% proof stress
c) does not show definite yield point but yield point is defined by 0.2% proof stress
d) does not show definite yield point but yield point is defined by 2% proof stress,
Ans: c
148. Select the correct statement
a) Elastic modulus of high tensile steel is nearly the same as that of mild steel.
b) Elastic modulus of high tensile steel is more than that of mild steel.
c) Carbon percentage in high carbon steel is less than that in mild steel.
d) High tensile steel is cheaper than mild steel.
Ans:a
149. Cube strength of controlled concrete to be used for pretensioned and post-tensioned
work respectively should not be less than
a) 35 MPa and 42 MPa
b) 42 MPa and 35 MPa
c) 42 MPa and 53 MPa
d) 53 MPa and 42 MPa
Ans: b
150. Ultimate strength of cold drawn high steel wires
a) increases with increase in diameter of bar
b) decreases with increase in diameter of bar
c) does not depend on diameter of bar
d) none of the above
Ans: b
151. Prestressing losses in post-tensioned and pre-tensioned beams are respectively
a) 15% and 20%
b) 20% and 15%
c) 15% and 15%
d) 20% and 20%
152. In concrete, use of angular crushed aggregate in place of natural rounded gravel affects
a) direct tensile strength
b) split tensile strength
c) flexural tensile strength
d) compressive strength
153. Ratio of compressive strength to tensile strength of concrete
a) increases with age
b) decreases with age
c) remains constant
d) none of the above
154. According to Indian Standards, the grad¬ing of fine aggregates is divided into
a) two zones
b) three zones
c) four zones
d) five zones
155. Assertion A : Lightweight concrete exhi¬bits higher shrinkage than normal weight
concrete.
Reason R : Modulus of elasticity of light-weight concrete is lower, than that of normal weight
concrete. Select your answer according to the coding system given below :
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A.and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
156. Endurance limit of mild steel is approximately equal to,
a) 0.3
b) 0.5
c) 0.7
d) 0.8
Endurance limit is defined as the maxi-mum value of the ratio of maximum stress to short time
static strength, below which no failure occurs.
157. With the increase in rate of loading during testing, compressive strength of concrete
a) increases
b) decreases
c) remains same
d) none of the above
158. For a given aggregate content, increasing the water-cement ratio in concrete
a) increases shrinkage
b) decreases shrinkage
c) does not change shrinkage
d) none of the above
159. Assertion A : The net loss of strength due to air entrainment of a richer mix is higher
than that of a leaner mix. Reason R : Effect of air entrainment on improving workability is
smaller in richer mix than in a leaner mix. Select your answer based on the coding system
given below
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
160. The bond strength between steel rein-forcement and concrete is affected by i)
steel properties ii) concrete properties iii) shrinkage of concrete The correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (ii) and (iii)
c) (i) and (iii)
d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
161. The bond strength between steel and concrete is due to
a) friction
b) adhesion
c) both friction and adhesion
d) none of the above
162. Impact strength of concrete increases by using
i) smaller maximum size of aggregate
ii) aggregate with high modulus of elasticity
iii) aggregate with low poisson's ratio The correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (ii) and (iii)
c) (i) and (iii)
d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
163. Impact strength of concrete is greater for
i) water stored concrete than for dry concrete
ii) angular crushed aggregates
iii) rounded aggregates The correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (i) and (iii)
c) only (i)
d) only (ii)
164. If the contributions of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate
and terra calcium alumino ferrite to the 28 days strength of hydrated ordinary Portland
cement are respectively W, X, Y
and Z, then
a) W>.X>Y>Z
b) X>W>Y>Z
c) W>X>Z>Y
d) W>Y>X>Z
165. The initial and final setting times for ordinary portland cement are approxi¬
mately related as
a) T = 530 + t
b) T = 270 + t
c) T = 90+1.2t
d) T = 600-1.2t
where T and t are respectively final and initial setting times in minutes. * 166 Assertion A : The
presence of tricalcium aluminate in cement is undesirable. Reason R : Tricalcium aluminate in
ce¬ment contributes very little to strength of cement.
Select your answer based on the coding system given below
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
167. Amount of gypsum required to be added to the clinker depends on the following contents
of cement i) tricalcium silicate ii) dicalcium silicate iii) tricalcium aluminate iv) alkali The
correct answer is
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (ii) and (iii)
c) (iii) and (iv)
d) (i)and(iv)
168. The diameter of needle used in Vicat's apparatus for the determination of initial
setting time is prescribed as
a) 0.5 mm
b) 1 mm
c) 5 mm
d) 10mm
169. The heat of hydration of cement can be reduced by
a) reducing the proportions of C3A and C3S
b) increasing the proportions of C3A and C3S
c) increasing the fineness of cement
d) both (a) and (c)
171. Assertion A : Rapid hardening cement is generally not used in mass concrete
construction.
Reason R : The rate of heat development is low in rapid hardening cement. Select your
answer based on the coding system given below
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
172. If the angularity number of an aggregate is increased, then the workability of the
concrete using this aggregate will
a) increase
b) decrease
c) not change
d) none of the above
173. If W,, W2, W3 and W4 are the weights of sand in oven dry, air dry, saturated but
surface dry and moist conditions respectively, then the moisture content of sand is
a) W3 - W,
b) W4-W2
c) W4-W3
d) W3-W2
174. The ordinate of grading curve of an aggregate represents
a) cumulative percentage passing each sieve plotted on normal scale
b) cumulative percentage passing each sieve plotted on logarithmic scale
c) sieve size plotted on normal scale
d) sieve size plotted on logarithmic scale
175. Increase in fineness modulus of aggregate indicates
a) finer grading
b) coarser grading
c) gap grading
d) none of the above
176. Weight of an oven dry sand and air dry sand are 500 gm and 520 gm respectively.
If the weight of the same sand under saturated but surface dry condition is 525 gms, then the
water absorption of sand is
a) 1%
b) 4%
c) 4.76%
d) 5%
177. Soundness test of cement by Le-Chatelier's apparatus gives unsoundness due to
a) free lime only
b) magnesia only
c) both free lime and magnesia
d) none of the above
178. Maximum permissible limit of magnesia content in ordinary Portland cement is
a) 4%
b) 6%
c) 8%
d) 10%

Openings for Fresh & Experienced Civil engineers in Mumbai

                                     Job Alert !!!!!

                          Huge vacancy in mumbai...

Post Name:
Graduate Engineer Trainee GET
NO of Vacancies:
521 Nos.

                                   Apply Now

Educational Qualifications:
Candidates should possess Bachelor Degree in Engineering in Petrochemical/ Chemical Technology/ Petrochemical Technology / Production & Industrial/ Manufacturing/ Mechanical & Automobile / Electronics/ Instrumentation & Control/ Electronics & Instrumentation / Civil Engineering with minimum 55 % Marks.

Work Experience:
Fresher's

Salary:
INR 6.0 lac - 8.0 lac per year with other benefits.

Responsibilities:
The trainee is responsible to carefully perform the tasks he/ she has been assigned and keep the mentor updated about the progress of the task/ project.
The trainee is responsible for reporting to his/ her mentor after the completion of each and every task. And present to the mentor a summary of the project.
Liaising with the project planning engineer regarding construction programmed.
Providing data in respect of variation orders and site instructions.
Preparing record drawings, technical reports, site diary.
Setting out the works in accordance with the drawings and specification.

If u need link for apply then click below ...

Here is link.. 



                   APPLY FOR GET'S POST

Post Name:

• Site Engineer

Position: 21

Educational Qualifications:

• A degree in engineering in Civil/Electrical/Mechanical discipline.

Work Experience:

• Experience 4+ years in making Method statement for Sentimental Construction for Underground Metro.
• Tunnel Segment Casting.
• Tunnel Segment Cage fabrication & maintain proper dimensions
• Reading Drawings and executing at site
• Calibration of moulds.

Salary:

INR 8.0 lac - 10.0 lac per year with other benefits..

Responsibilities:

• Preparation Stacking Yard.
• Erection & Supervision of Segment Casting Yard.
• Inspection and Making Report of Site Equipment.
• Prepare & Submission the Delay reports and analysis.
• Preparation Daily Progress Report.
• Daily deployment of machinery assigned to various activities like Earth work, GSB, WMM, BM, DBM, BC, rigid pavement and reviewing their optimum utilization.
• Interacting with the Consultants, raising of daily RFI and getting approval for the works.

             

                   APPLY FOR SITE ENGINEER'S POST

Huge openings for Site Engineers___ 21 vacancies

Post Name:

• Site Engineer

Position: 21

Educational Qualifications:

• A degree in engineering in Civil/Electrical/Mechanical discipline.

Work Experience:

• Experience 4+ years in making Method statement for Sentimental Construction for Underground Metro.
• Tunnel Segment Casting.
• Tunnel Segment Cage fabrication & maintain proper dimensions
• Reading Drawings and executing at site
• Calibration of moulds.

Salary:

INR 8.0 lac - 10.0 lac per year with other benefits..

Responsibilities:

• Preparation Stacking Yard.
• Erection & Supervision of Segment Casting Yard.
• Inspection and Making Report of Site Equipment.
• Prepare & Submission the Delay reports and analysis.
• Preparation Daily Progress Report.
• Daily deployment of machinery assigned to various activities like Earth work, GSB, WMM, BM, DBM, BC, rigid pavement and reviewing their optimum utilization.
• Interacting with the Consultants, raising of daily RFI and getting approval for the works.

        

       Apply Now!!!

Engineer Jobs 2017 (1841 Govt Vacancies Opening)

Engineering Graduates, who pursing final year or recently completed engineering degree holders get your discipline wise suitable Government jobs - latest recruitment / vacancy details here.

Engineering Graduates recruiting Government of India owned Public Sector Undertakings Companies / Organizations List: BHEL, BEL, Coal India, HPCL, EIL, BPCL, Mazagon Dock, MECON, NACL, NLC, NMDC, SAIL, NTPC, IOCL, ONGC, Power Grid, Railtel, RITES, UCI etc. Latest Upcoming Graduate Engineering Govt Jobs 2017 listed in the following table. The Total Number of Vacancies is Approximate Numbers, but not accurate.

Latest Engineering Jobs 2017 List (Last Updated on 20th March 2017)

Organization	Post Name - No of Vacancies	Last Date for Apply	Detailed Link
Bihar Public Service Commission (BPSC)	Assistant Engineer (Civil / Mechanical) - 1065	12/04/2017	CLICK HERE>>
West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (WBSEDCL)	Assistant Engineer (Electrical / Civil / IT&C) - 112	24/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
IRCON International Limited	Various Managers, Engineers - 112	March 2017	CLICK HERE>>
West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (WBSEDCL)	Sub Assistant Engineer (Electrical, Civil) - 365	07/04/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)	Constrict Engineer (Civil / Electrical / Electronics) - 50	18/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Indian Navy	Technical Branch Jan 2018 Course	24/04/2017	CLICK HERE>>
IIT Kharagpur	Various Engineer Posts - 55	March / April 2017	CLICK HERE>>
Goa Shipyard Limited	Managers, Management Trainee - 29	05/04/2017	CLICK HERE>>
WAPCOS Limited	Various Engineers - 24	27/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (MIDHANI)	Executive Posts - 20	18/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Gun Carriage Factory, Jabalpur	Engineering Graduate Trainees - 16	24/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Central Electronics Limited (CEL) Ghaziabad	Various Managers - 16	31/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Cement Corporation of India Limited (CCI)	Various Managers - 16	-	CLICK HERE>>
Canara Bank	IT Posts - 14	05/04/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Jaipur Metro Rail Corporation Limited (JMRC)	Junior Engineers - 12	31/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Pune	Scientists, Programme Coordinator - 11	-	CLICK HERE>>
Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)	Assistant Engineer - 10	30/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC Re)	Scale  (Civil, Marine, Aeronautical) - 04	27/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC), Panchkula	Assistant Engineer (Civil)	29/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Gujarat Public Service Commission (GPSC)	Industries Officers - 07	31/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL)	Automobile Engineer - 01	22/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited (DMRC)	Junior Engineer (Tie Track Tamper)	March 2017	CLICK HERE>>
Paradip Port Trust	Assistant Executive Engineer (Civil) - 04	31/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
NIT Tiruchirappalli	Superintending Engineer, Executive Engineer - 03	-	CLICK HERE>>
Reserve Bank of India Services Board (RBI)	Manager (Technical - Civil) - 02	-	CLICK HERE>>
NIT Kurukshetra	Assistant Engineer (Civil, Electrical) - 02	-	CLICK HERE>>
Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education (HBCSE)	Scientific Officer – C - 01	24/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL)	Technical Officer - 01	25/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
Central Room Ludhiana	Engineer - 01	25/03/2017	CLICK HERE>>
GATE 2017 based Govt Jobs	Various Engineer Posts – Above 1000 Vacancies	March - April 2017	CLICK HERE>>

Educational Qualification: Four Year B.E. / B.Tech full time regular course/s from AICTE approved / UGC recognized University/Deemed University. Some vacancies required to GATE qualified candidates.

Engineering Disciplines: Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electronics Engineering, Systems Engineering. Computer Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Telecommunications engineering‎, Automobile Engineering etc.